高教自考“英语翻译”复习笔记（三）
UNIT 5 CULTURE
1. it‘s raining again. As I lie awake in bed， listening to the sound of those razor-sharp drops pounding on the pavement， my mind goes reeling down dark corridors teeming with agonizing flashbacks， and a chill from within fills me with dread. It’s raining， again.
又下雨了，我躺在床上，睡不着，听着雨点儿落在路面上啪啪作响。我思绪万千，恍恍惚惚进入了一条条幽暗的甬道，回想起许多痛苦的往事。心里一阵冰凉， 不禁感到毛骨悚然。是的，又在下雨了。 本文来源云南招考网
2.it does this every year in Southern California； at least that‘s what they told me last year when I marveled at the relentless determination of the rain. 本文来源云南招考网
加利福尼亚南部，年年如此；去年，雨无情地下个不停。我表示惊异， 人们就是这样对我说的。
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3. every child raised in the West knows about these dangers. At least that‘s what I used to think. I’m not so sure anymore.
在西部长大的孩子都知道洪水的厉害。至少我过去是这样想的，现在就不敢说的。 本文来源云南招考网
4. Habits form， however， and， in a child‘s mind， most of the time becomes all of the time， and nobody gives it much thought. Then the rains come. 本文来源云南招考网
然而孩子们习以为常，在他们心目中，“大部分时间”变成了“全部时间”，而谁也没有仔细去想这件事。后来就下起雨来了。\ 本文来源云南招考网
5.在理论方面，鲁迅曾针对当时赵景深的“宁顺而不信”的提法，提出了“宁信而不顺”的主张。 1935年，鲁迅在“题未定‘草’”一文中又对翻译作了新的概括。他说：“凡是翻译，必须兼顾着两面，一当然力求其易解，一则保存着原作的丰姿。”也就是说，翻译既要通顺，又要忠实。 本文来源云南招考网
6. Each day we make choices that affect our lives and， sometimes， the lives of others.
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每一天我们都要做出许多选择，大部分是为自己，有的也为别人。
7. Somehow our path took us toward the park， across the footbridge high above the rolling water of the Los Angeles River. 本文来源云南招考网
不知怎的，我们就踏上了通向公园的小路。
8.Many children were playing close to the water， and we were stunned by their ignorance and daring. The far bank.
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许多孩子在告近水边的地方玩耍。他们的无知与鲁莽把我俩看呆了。 本文来源云南招考网
9. He jumped into the water to get his bike and was carried rapidly downstream， a look of panic and horror registering on his young face.
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他跳进河里去捞车。急流一下子就把他给冲走了，他吓坏了，脸上现出惊恐的表情。刹那间，我们要做出选择。 本文来源云南招考网
10. the greatest instinct， I believe， is to help a child in need.
我想，是本能驱使我们去救助一个危难中的孩子。 本文来源云南招考网
11. I could see that he had confronted much more than he could handle， even being as strong and athletic as he was.
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从艾勒的表情，我知道，尽管他身强力壮，但当时他面临的困境是他无法摆脱的。 本文来源云南招考网
12. feeling of guilt， as a matter of course. That little was lucky to get out.
内疚心理， 理所当然， 那孩子命大的话会脱险的。 本文来源云南招考网
13. Although both my parents died young， I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors. My maternal grandfather， it is true， was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven， but my other three grandparents all lived to be over eighty. 本文来源云南招考网
我的父母年纪轻轻就去世了，可是说到祖辈，我还是选得不错的。我外祖父固然是在风华正茂之年就弃世了，当时他只有六十七岁，但是我的祖父，祖母和外祖母却都活到了八十以上。
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14. my maternal grandmother， after having nine children who survived， one who died in infancy， and many miscarriages， as soon as she became a widow devoted herself to women‘s higher education. 本文来源云南招考网
我外祖母有九个孩子活了下来，有一个孩子很小就死了，她还流产过多次。丈夫一死，她就致力于女子高等教育。
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15. if you have wide and keen interests and activities in which you can still be effective， you will have no reason to think about the merely statistical fact of the number of years you have already lived， still less of the probable brevity of your future.
你要是有广泛的爱好和强烈的兴趣，而且还有能力参加一些活动，你就没有理由去考虑自己已经活了多少岁这样的具体数字，更没有理由去考虑自己的余年大概是很有限的了。 本文来源云南招考网
16. one‘s thoughts must be directed to the future， and to things about which there is something to be done. 本文来源云南招考网
一个人应当考虑未来，考虑一些可以有所作为的事情。
17. It is easy to think to oneself that one‘s emotions used to be more vivid than they are， and one’s mind more keen.
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人们往往会对自己说，我过去感情多么丰富，思想多么敏锐，现在不行了。
18. the other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigour from its vitality. 本文来源云南招考网
另一件需要避免的事就是老想和年轻人呆在一起，希望从青年的活力中吸取力量。 本文来源云南招考网
19. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves， but human beings， owing to the length of infancy， find this difficult.
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动物，一旦它们的后代能够自己照料自己，它们就不管了；但是人，由于抚养子女的时间长，是难以这样做的。 本文来源云南招考网
20.在我国，从二十年代开始从事翻译工作，从五十年代乃至八十年代还在讨论翻译问题的，大概只有两个人，一个是郭沫若，一个就是茅盾。
21. I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. 本文来源云南招考网
我认为，如果老年人对个人以外的事情怀有强烈的兴趣，并参加适当的活动，我们的晚年是最容易过得好的， 他们的晚年才会是一生收获的季节。 本文来源云南招考网
22.Yong men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in old man who has known human joys and sorrows， and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do ，to fear of death is somewhat object and ignoble.
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年青时有这种想法是可以理解的。 年青人害怕阵亡疆场，而且一想到人生最美好的一切就这么被葬送了，恐惧的心情会更加严重。这种恐惧无可厚非。但作为老年人，人生的悲欢离合你已都经历过了，自己要做的事情也都做了，这时若还恐惧死亡，那就有些让人瞧不起了。 本文来源云南招考网
23. An individual human existence should be like a river—— small at first， narrowly contained within its banks， and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider， the banks recede， the waters flow more quietly， and in the end ， without any visible break， they become merged in the sea， and painlessly lose their individual being. 本文来源云南招考网
一个人的一生应像一条河——起初窄窄的，夹在两岸之中，急速地流动阒，冲过岩石，冲下瀑布，渐渐地，河面变宽了，两岸变得越来越远，河水静静地流动着，直到最后，再也没有什么阻碍了，因为这时，你已融入了大海，毫无痛苦地结束了自己单独存在的那一段历程。 本文来源云南招考网
24. 如今，能为他的这本散文集作序，我觉得很荣幸。 本文来源云南招考网
I find it a great honour to be asked to write a preface to this collection of his essays. 本文来源云南招考网
25. <心上的河流>写出了他对于小河流水的深情，这使我忆起死回我所热爱的无边的大海。
In “ A River at Heart”， he expressed his deep feelings towards the flowing water of a creek， which reminded me of my own love for the boundless， vast sea. 本文来源云南招考网
26.这几年，我因行动不便， 整天过着“井蛙”的无聊生活，读了这游记，绚丽生动得如经其境，给了我很大的快乐。 本文来源云南招考网
In recent years， unable to move about easily， I have been leading a dull life like that of “a frog at the bottom of a well”。 Reading his travel notes gave me great pleasure because they are so colourful and vivid that I felt I was actually there. 本文来源云南招考网
27.如同旧梦重温一般，我回忆起1936年在伦敦的3个星期，在昼夜看不到日，月，星三光的浓雾之中，参观了大英博物馆，敏纳斯教学——访问了一些英国朋友。 本文来源云南招考网
Just like going through old dreams， I remembered the three weeks I had spent in London in 1936. during that time， when the sun， the moon and the stars were hidden behind the thick fog day and night， I visited the British Museum and the Westminster and called on my English friends. 本文来源云南招考网
28.因为住处离罗浮宫很近，我就整个上午“泡”在罗浮宫里。
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As I was very close to the Louvre， I would loiter in the palace the whole morning. 本文来源云南招考网
29. 吃过早餐，就出来坐在宫门台附上，欣赏宫门口那一大座花坛，花坛里栽的是红，黄，白，紫四色分明的盛开的郁金色。
After lunch， I would come out and sit on the steps at the entrance of the palace， enjoying the big flower beds near the gate filled with blooming tulips of distinctive red， yellow， white and purple. 本文来源云南招考网
30. 意大利是我最喜欢的一个欧洲国家。
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One of my favourite European countries falls on Italy which is built of stone. 本文来源云南招考网
31.佛罗伦萨给我留下的，除了美术馆里的雕像和壁画之外，还有一座座府弟墙壁上的灯座，每座灯下都有一只拴马的铁环，是聚会或宴客时拴马用的，十分别致。 本文来源云南招考网
Things I can remember in Florence are the statues and murals in the Art Gallery as well as the lampstands on the walls of each house. Under each lampstand， there is q unique iron ring used to tie the horses when parties or banquets are held. 本文来源云南招考网
UNIT 6 LITERATURES 本文来源云南招考网
1. 重神似不重形似“这是在讨论翻译问题时常说的一句话。 傅雷—人间喜剧， 约翰。克利斯朵夫， 最难应付的是原文中最简单最明白而最短。 本文来源云南招考网
2.“No， no， no，” replied this individual， who was blond and vigorous and by nature a little irritable and contentious. 本文来源云南招考网
“没有，没有，没有，” 这个人回答说。他长得漂漂亮亮，精神饱满，生性有点暴躁， 喜欢争吵。 本文来源云南招考网
3.茅盾：“直译的意义若就浅处说，只是‘不妄改原文的字句’；就深处说，还求‘能保留原文的情调与风格。”
4.“No， sir， but couldn‘t I pick it up pretty quick if I tried hard？”
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“是没干过， 先生。但只要我用心，很快就会学会的，是吧？”
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5.Clyde， left alone in this fashion， and not knowing just what it meant， stared， wondering.
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克莱德就这么给甩在这儿了，弄不明白什么意思， 两眼直愣愣地想呀想呀。
6.著名翻译家王佐良教授以翻译英诗为主，兼及散文和戏剧。 1980年出版的他的<英国诗文选择集>中，有他译的袁斯诗11首，雪莱诗8诗，麦克迪儿米诗10首，有他译的培根的散文3篇，科贝特的散文6篇。1985年出版了他译的<彭斯诗选>.此外他还曾将曹禺的<雷雨>译成英语。 本文来源云南招考网
7.I remember my childhood names for grasses and secret flowers. 本文来源云南招考网
我记得儿时给各种小草和隐蔽的小花取的名字。 本文来源云南招考网
8.It required only a rich winter of rain to make it break forth in grass and flowers. 本文来源云南招考网
只要经历一个雨量充足的冬季， 草呀，花呀， 就会长出来。 本文来源云南招考网
9. when June came the grasses headed out and turned brown， and the hills turned a brown which was not brown but a gold anad saffron and red——an indescribable color. 本文来源云南招考网
到6月，草就已经长高了，颜色也变成棕色了。山则显出一种特别的棕色，说棕也不是棕， 有点金黄，有点桔黄，还有点红——也形容不出是个什么颜色。
10. It was a rasping nervous wind， and the dust particles cut into a man‘s skin and burned his eyes.
大风让人们烦躁焦虑，尘土的微粒剐着人的脸，刺痛人的眼睛。
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11. The land cracked and the springs dried up and the cattle listlessly nibbled dry twings.
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土地龟裂，泉水干枯，牛儿无精打采地啃着干树枝。 本文来源云南招考网
12. The tall， well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a far cry from the old sea wolf of my imagination. 本文来源云南招考网
站在我面前的是一位身材高大，衣着讲究的先生， 与我先前想像的老海怪完全不同。
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13. A delighted giggle cut through the severe silence. The ice was broken. We all laughed.
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一阵咯咯的欢笑声打破了严肃而沉寂的气氛。 谁也不拘束了，大家都笑了起来。 本文来源云南招考网
14.在旧社会， 我们评剧演员常常挣钱不够吃饭，艺人们大都是拉家带口，生活困难。 本文来源云南招考网
In the old society， Pinju players seldom made enough to live on. And as most were saddled with big families their life was hard. 本文来源云南招考网
15.腊月二十三封箱，把“祖师爷”请到前台去， 后台冷冷清清， 演员们就更苦了，要等到年初一开戏了，才能挣到钱。 本文来源云南招考网
On the twenty-third of the twelfth lunar month， when theatres closed and the patron saint of actors was invited to the front stage， leaving the backstage deserted， actors were even worse off， unable to earn any more until the reopening on New Year‘s Day. 本文来源云南招考网
16. 真是一个钱撕成八瓣用，心里总是想着怎样能够改善家里的困境。
Each single copper had to be eked out， and I kept racking my brains for ways to improve our difficult conditions. 本文来源云南招考网
17.每天天不亮戴着星星去排队，工厂没开大门就排上老长的队了。 本文来源云南招考网
We had to queue up before dawn when there were still stars in the sky. A long queue formed before the mill‘s gate opened. 本文来源云南招考网
18.可我从头到脚淋成了落汤鸡了。 本文来源云南招考网
I was drenched from head to foot like a drowned rat.
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