高教自考“英语翻译”复习笔记（四）
UNIT 8 POPULAR SCIENCE
1. there were three groups of oils； animal， vegetable and mineral. 本文来源云南招考网
油可以分为三大类：动物油，植物油，矿物油。 本文来源云南招考网
2. a few other creatures yield oil， but non so much as whale. 本文来源云南招考网
有些动物也出油，但都没有鲸鱼出得多。
3. Vegetable oil has been known from antiquity. 本文来源云南招考网
植物油从古以来就为人们所熟悉。
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4. To it we owe the existence of the motor-car， which has replaced the private carriage drawn by the horse， to it we owe the possibility of flying.
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就是因为有了这种油，我们才能用上汽车，以代替马车。就是因为有了这种油，我们才有可能飞行。
5. two metal surfaces rubbing together cause friction and heat； but if they are separated by a thing film of oil， the friction and heat are reduced. No machine would work for long if it were not properly lubricated.
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两个金属面相擦，就要产生摩擦和热；但如果在它们之间抹上薄薄的一层油，就可以减少磨擦，降低热度。
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6. the statement that oil originated in the sea is confirmed by a glance at a map showing that chief oilfields of the world； very few of them are far distant from the oceans of today.
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石油原于大海的这种观点是被人们所认可的，你要看一眼世界主要油井的分布图就一目了然了， 几乎没有远离现在海洋的油井。
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7. the rocks in which oil is found are of marine origin too.
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石油存在处的岩石也都有海洋的渊源。
8. A very common sedimentary rock is called shale， which is a soft rock and was obviously formed by being deposited on the sea bed. And where there is shale there is likely to be oil.
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一块极普通的沉积岩叫页岩，这种页岩质地松软，很明显是通过海底沉积作用形成的。 有页岩的地方，极有可能有石油。 本文来源云南招考网
9. the drill may just miss the oil although it is near； on the other hand， it may strike oil at a fairly high level.
有时石油虽就在附近，但因为没钻准地儿，结果还是一无所获。有时呢，就这么一钻，石油就喷出好高好高。
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10. when the crude oil is obtained from the field， it is taken to the refineries. Gas that comes off the oil later is condensed.
从油田获得的原油要被送到炼油厂进行处理。接下来再将获得的汽体浓缩后成为煤油。 本文来源云南招考网
11. We stand now where two roads diverge. But unlike the roads in Robert Frost‘s familiar poem， they are not equally fair
我们正处在两条道路分岔的地方。但是并不像我们所熟悉的罗伯特。佛罗斯特诗中所说的，这两条路是同样的好。 本文来源云南招考网
12. right to know
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知情权 本文来源云南招考网
13. A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available. 本文来源云南招考网
除了用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。 本文来源云南招考网
14. All have this in common： they are biological solutions， based on understanding of the living organisms they seek to control， and of the whole fabric of life to which these organisms belong. 本文来源云南招考网
所有这些方法都有一个共同点：他们都是生物的解决办法，其基础是人们对所要控制的生物体的了解，以及对这些生物体整个生活状况的了解。
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15. It has its obscure and unpretentious beginning； its quite stretches as well as its rapids； its periods of drought as well as of fullness. 本文来源云南招考网
其源头，隐隐约约，并不引人注目；其流势，时而平缓，时而湍急；其水情， 有汛期，也有枯谒期。 本文来源云南招考网
16. Dr. Knipling was ready for a full-scale test of his theory.
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尼普林教授已在佛罗里达岛进行了一些实地预备性实验， 并计划大规模地实践其理论。
17. the resounding success of the Curacao experiment whetted the appetities of Florida livestock raisers for a similar feat that whould relieve them of the scourge of screw-worms.
库拉索岛上的实验大获成功。 这引起了佛罗里达州特征畜饲养者的兴趣，他们希望借助这一成果帮他们摆脱螺旋铃绳这一祸害。 本文来源云南招考网
18. prearranged flight parents.
事先安排好的飞行队形。
19. 中国还对广阔的大陆架和专属经济区行使主权权利和管辖权；中国的海域处在中，低纬度地带，自然环境和资源条件比较优越。 人工养殖。 本文来源云南招考网
China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zone， as defined by the Un Convention on the Law of the Sea. Located in medium and low latitudes， China‘s sea areas have comparatively advantageous natural environmental and resource conditions. 本文来源云南招考网
20. 所谓上下文一般是指该语言单位的语言环境。 所谓狭义上下文是指句子的上下文， 即在一个句子的范围内该单位周围的的一些语言单位。所谓广义上下文是指该单位的超出句子范围的语言环境，这就是话语上下文，即在该单位的周围，在该单位之外，亦即在与之毗连的各个句子的语言单位的总和。 狭义上下文又可以分为句法上下文和词汇上下文。 所谓环境， 是指：1.交际环境，妈了实现交行行为的环境； 2.通报主题，即话语中描述的一情景； 3. 交际参与者，即说者与听者。 本文来源云南招考网
UNIT 9 LAW
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1. As recently as the early 1960s， the phrase “environmental law” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look， even from lany lawyers. 本文来源云南招考网
早在六十年代初，甚至连许多律师接触到“环保法” 这个词儿，大半也只会感到纳决而已。 本文来源云南招考网
2.enforcement power， environmental statutes. Court of apples. Federal Power Commission. Grant a licese 本文来源云南招考网
执法权力， 环境法， 上诉法院， 关邦电力委员会， 颁发许可证。
3.A powerful indictment of America‘s disregard of ecology， Silent Spring was aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticides， especially DDT. In 1965 a court action took place that ranks in environmental importance with the publication of Silent Spring.
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不久以后，在1962年雷切尔。卡林所著，名为<沉默的春天>一书问世了><沉默的春天>有力的控诉了美国之忽视生态，它主要是针对大规模使用农药——特别是嘀滴涕。 1965年又发生了一件诉讼，其对环境之重要意义，不亚于<沉默的春天>之出版。 本文来源云南招考网
4. strip mining， noise pollution， offshore oil drilling， waste disposal. Aerosol cans， and nonreturnable beverage containers. 本文来源云南招考网
露天采矿， 噪音污染， 深海钻油，废物排放， 喷雾器罐及一次性饮料容器。 本文来源云南招考网
5. in fact， there is hardly a realm of national life that is not touched by the controversy that often pits those who style themselves environmentalists against proponents of economic growth in our energy-consumming society. The problem is to balance the needs of the environment against those of the economy or consumers trying to cope with the high cost of living without destroying the earth on which we all depend.
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实际上，人类生活的方方面面都同这个争议密切相关。那些自称为环保主义者的人十分关注这个皱议，他们反对社会消耗能源以求发展经济。 问题其实是要在环保需求同经济消耗需求之间找到平衡，既满足生存的高消耗又不能破坏我们依赖的地球。
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7. enacting legislation， Clean open land. Clean Air Act Amendment. State legislatures. Bills. Hearings. Private lobbies. Labor unions. Trade-offs. Immediate future. Taken into account.
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实行规范， 空置土地， 净化空气法案， 净化空所修正法案， 各州立法机构， 条款， 听证会， 行业协会， 劳工会，
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8. the contracting states. copyright protection international systems. Copyright proprietors. Cinematographic works. 本文来源云南招考网
缔约国，成员国， 版权保护， 世界版权保护制度， 版权所有者， 电影的作品
9. For the purpose of this Convention any Contracting State may， by domestic legislation， assimilate to its own nationals any person domiciled in that State. 本文来源云南招考网
为实施本公约，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。
10. Director-General， signatory States. Come into force. 本文来源云南招考网
委员会主席， 缔约国。 生效。
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11. each Contracting State undertakes to adopt， in accordance with its Constitution， such measures as are necessary to ensure the application of this Convention
各缔约国应依据其宪法采取有效措施保证此公约的实施。 本文来源云南招考网
12. it is understood that at the date this convention cones into force in respect of any State， that State must be in a position under its domestic law to give effect to the terms of this Convention. 本文来源云南招考网
须明确的是此公约在缔约国内一经生效， 该国就应依据其国内法律实施公约的各项条款。
13. 中华人民共和国
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People‘s Republic of China
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14. 国际经济合作和技术交流， 平等互利的原则
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International economic cooperation and technological exchange. On the principle of equality and mutual benefit.
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15. 合营企业的一切活动应遵守中华人民共和国法律， 法令和有关条例规定。
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All activities of an equity joint venture shall comply with the provisions of the laws， decrees and pertinent regulations of the PRC.
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16. 合营各方， 主管部门， 工商行政管理主管部门。 有限责任公司。 注册资本。
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Parties to the venture， competent department， State‘s competent department in charge of industry and commerce administration. Limited liability company. Registered capital.
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17.合营企业各方可以现金， 实物，工业产权等进行投资。 本文来源云南招考网
The parties to an equity joint venture may make their investment in cash， in kind or in industrial property rights. 本文来源云南招考网
18.董事会， 企业发展规划， 生产经营活动方案， 收支预算， 利润分配， 劳动工资计划。
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Board of directors； the venture‘s development plans， proposals for production and business operations. The budget for revenues and expenditure， the distribution of profits. The plans concerning manpower and wages.
19. 毛利润， 所得税， 储备基金， 职工奖励及福利基金， 企业发展基金， 净利润， 注册资本 本文来源云南招考网
Net profit. Income tax. Reserve fund. A bonus and welfare fund for workers and staff members and a venture expansion fund 本文来源云南招考网
20. 外汇帐户， 外汇管理条例， 本文来源云南招考网
Foreign exchange transactions. Regulations on foreign exchange control.
21. 合营企业所需原材料，燃料，配套件等， 应尽先在中国购买， 也可由合营企业界自筹外汇，直接在国际市场上购买。
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In its purchase of required raw and processed materials. Fuels， auxiliary equipment， etc. an equity joint ventures should first give priority to purchases in China. It may also make such purchases directly on the world market with foreign exchange raised by itself.
22. 外籍职工， 个人所得税， 不可抗力， 全国人民代表大会
Foreign employee. Individual income tax. Force majeure. National People‘s Congress. 本文来源云南招考网
UNIT 10 SPEECHES
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1. distinguished guests. On behalf of. Incomparable hospitality.
诸位贵宾。 谨代表。 盛情款待。 本文来源云南招考网
2. Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land. 本文来源云南招考网
我在外国从来没有听到过演奏得这么好的美国音乐。
3. gracious and eloquent remarks. Common ground. At the outset. Common interests.
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盛情和雄辩的讲话。 合作的共同点。 一开始。 共同利益。 本文来源云南招考网
4. we have acquired a keen sense of the diversity， dynamism， and progress of China under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world.
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我们强烈地感受到你们所进行的改革和对外开放政策给中国带来的多样化，活力和进步。
5. more than eight years have passed since Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping and I joined hands to establish full diplomatic relations between our two great nations.
自从邓小平副总理和我共同建立我们两个伟大国家之间的正式外交关系以来，已经八年多了。
6. sino-American relationship. The forging of firm Sino-American ties. National security policies.
中美关系。 建立牢固的中美关系。 国家安全政策。
7. strategic relations. Non-government sectors. 本文来源云南招考网
战略关系， 非政府部门
8. in this context， it is important for our two societies to search for areas of cooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit. 本文来源云南招考网
在这种情况下， 两国寻求能明显带来互惠互利的合作领域便显得尤为重要。
9. in the area of public health. Although ours is relatively quite small， such activities， when combined with our common foreign policy interests and a growing commercial relationship， should help to remove the lingering fragility in Sino-American relations.
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在公共健康领域方面。 尽管我方所占比例较小， 但此次项目， 涉及我们基本对外政策的利害关系及不断增进的商业关系，必将有助于消除中美关系中长期存在的不稳定因素。\
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10. 先有哈佛，后有美利坚合众国， 这说明了哈佛在美国历史上的地位。 本文来源云南招考网
The fact that Harvard was founded before the United States of American testifies to its position in the American history. 本文来源云南招考网
11. 中国教育界，科学界，文化界一直同哈佛大学保持着学术交流。 本文来源云南招考网
The Chinese educational， scientific and cultural communities have all along maintained academic exchange with this university.
12. 中国在自己发展的长河中， 形成了优良的历史文化传统。 本文来源云南招考网
In the prolonged course of its development， China has formed its fine historical and cultural traditions
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